![]() ![]() Jehovah’s Witnesses have been anything but extremist, and we’re certainly not dangerous or violent,” said Jarrod Lopes, a spokesperson for the group’s headquarters in the United States. “If it wasn’t so serious, it would be a joke. Jehovah’s Witnesses themselves are bewildered. The European Association of Jehovah’s Witnesses estimates that between 5,000 to 10,000 of its members have fled Russia since the ban came into force.Īs is often the case with authoritarian states, it’s hard to tell exactly what has prompted the crackdown-and there’s likely more than one reason. Since then, Russian law enforcement has raided the homes of more than 1,300 worshippers and over 400 have been either charged or convicted of extremism in a brutal crackdown which has swept up followers aged 19 to 90. In 2017, Russia’s Supreme Court declared the group an extremist organization, lumping its non-violent adherents into the same category as neo-Nazis and members of al Qaeda. So who are these scary extremists? Jehovah’s Witnesses, a Christian denomination with an estimated 175,000 followers in Russia. On Monday, in the Crimean port of Sevastopol, prosecutors sought seven years for a man charged with “organizing the activities of an extremist group.” The day before that, prosecutors in the Russian city of Smolensk asked a court to sentence three adherents of the same group to up to nine years behind bars. Monitor post-operative blood loss closely, with early recognition and prompt intervention required.On Wednesday, authorities in Russian-occupied Crimea announced that they had arrested a 30-year-old man suspected of promoting an organization that had been banned and deemed extremist in Russia. Repeated blood sampling should only occur when necessary. Optimise oxygen consumption and delivery. Acute normovolaemic haemodilution if patient suitable.Multi-disciplinary discussion and planning is imperative.Īll effort should be made to avoid the use of blood products where refused. Withhold anticoagulants and anti-platelet agents where possible. Investigate any clotting or bleeding issues. Schedule early attendance at pre-operative clinics with baseline Hb measurement. Haemodialysis or haemofiltration - Cardiopulmonary bypass.intraoperative or postoperative cell salvage.Similarly with procedures involving the use of their own blood, including: The use of these products should be discussed on an individual basis. The acceptance of primary blood product derivatives is a matter of personal choice. Pre-deposited autologous blood is also generally not acceptable. The four primary blood components red cells, white cells, platelets and FFP are most typically refused. Should a medical professional feel they cannot work under the proposed constraints associated with refusal to use blood products, a referral to another appropriately skilled clinical or team should be made and recorded in the notes and an appropriate explanation be given to the family 3.Ĭonsent for Blood Components and Procedures Legal permission for treatment in the face of parental refusal should be sought at the earliest available opportunity. Two consultants should agree and document the clinical urgency for blood administration 2. In an emergency blood products can be administered in a life-sustaining situation or to prevent lasting disability without patient or parental consent. As much as it should be clear that a child with capacity has made the decision of their own reasoning and values, it is similarly important that the medical professional also does not aim to impose undue influence on the decision which is not in keeping with the patient’s own wishes and values. Ideally, the discussion regarding administration of blood products should be made remote to theatres with adequate time and privacy. In addition, it is essential that the decision is free from coercion. In addition to capacity, consent requires the decision maker to be fully informed of the risks, benefits and alternatives of the treatment, and for this information to be comprehended. As they are considered to have capacity and be competent then they have the right to refuse treatment and neither the parents nor the court can override it in theory, though this has not be definitively tested in the courts 3. If they lack capacity, they should be treated under the guidance laid out in the Adults with Incapacity (Scotland) Act 2000 3.Ī child under the age of 16 can consent to a procedure if they are deemed by a medical practitioner as capable of understanding the nature and consequences of the procedure 3. In Scotland, parents cannot give consent at all for young people over the age of 16. ![]()
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